Attack on Cadiz 1625

by Ronald Teuthof | 1 Nov 1625 | 1621-1648 Towards independence, 1625, 80 Years' war (1568-1648), Europe, Spain

The background behind the Anglo Spanish war In 1622, Philip IV reigned in Spain, with Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares as his favourite. The War of Flanders had reignited after the Twelve Years’ Truce, and Spain’s finances flowed from its imports...

Massacre at Elmina (1625)

by Ronald Teuthof | 25 Oct 1625 | 1621-1648 Towards independence, 1625, 80 Years' war (1568-1648), Africa, Slave trade, West Africa

The battle of San Juan (1625)

by Ronald Teuthof | 4 Sep 1625 | 1621-1648 Towards independence, 1625, 80 Years' war (1568-1648), Americas

Salvador recaptured by the Portuguese (1625)

by Ronald Teuthof | 1 May 1625 | 1621-1648 Towards independence, 1625, 80 Years' war (1568-1648), Americas, Dutch Brasil

Failed attempt to conquer Luanda in Angola (1624)

by Ronald Teuthof | 31 Oct 1624 | 1621-1648 Towards independence, 1625, 80 Years' war (1568-1648), Africa, West Africa

Journal of Piet Heyn’s journey to Brazil and West Africa 1624-1625communicated by L.M. Akveld